fix: assign unknown album to unknown artist, changes in migration logic

Entities/Song.cs

@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@ public class Song
 	public int Index { get; set; }
 	public int? TrackNumber { get; set; } = null;
 	public int? DiscNumber { get; set; } = null;
-	required public int AlbumId { get; set; }
+	public int AlbumId { get; set; }
-	required public int ArtistId { get; set; }
+	public int ArtistId { get; set; }
 	public int? ImageId { get; set; } = null;
 
 	// Songs without an album entry shall default to "[Unnamed album]".
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ public class Song
 	public List<GenreSong> GenreSongPair { get; set; } = [];
 	public Image? Image { get; set; } = null;
 
+	// TODO: Turn these into an enum.
 	public bool IsOk() => State == 0;
 	public bool IsOrphaned() => State == 1;
 	public bool IsArchived() => State == 2;

Migrations/00000000000000_StoredProcedure.cs

@@ -19,6 +19,22 @@ public partial class _00000000000000_StoredProcedure : Migration
 			END;
 			$$;
 			
+			""");
+
+		migrationBuilder.Sql("""
+
+			CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE force_rescan()
+			LANGUAGE plpgsql
+			AS $$
+			BEGIN
+				UPDATE "Globals"
+				SET "Value" = '0'
+				WHERE "Key" = 'libraryState';
+			
+				COMMIT;
+			END;
+			$$;
+			
 			""");
 	}
 
@@ -27,6 +43,10 @@ public partial class _00000000000000_StoredProcedure : Migration
 		migrationBuilder.Sql("""
 			DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS song_cleanup();
 			""");
+
+		migrationBuilder.Sql("""
+			DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS force_rescan();
+			""");
 	}
 }
 

Program.cs

@@ -70,6 +70,7 @@ builder.Services.AddHttpLogging();
 
 var app = builder.Build();
 bool shutdown = false;
+bool scanNeeded = false;
 if (args.FirstOrDefault() is not null)
 {
 	// Handle CLI if arguments have been passed.
@@ -89,6 +90,7 @@ using (IServiceScope scope = app.Services.CreateScope())
 	GeneralUseHelpers  guhf = scope.ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<GeneralUseHelpers>();
 	Seeder           seeder = new(db, guhf);
 	shutdown = seeder.Seed();
+	if (!shutdown) scanNeeded = await seeder.ScanPrefetchAsync();
 }
 if (shutdown) return;
 

Shadow.csproj

@@ -19,15 +19,15 @@
   </PropertyGroup>
 
   <ItemGroup>
-    <PackageReference Include="GitInfo" Version="3.6.0">
+    <PackageReference Include="GitInfo" Version="3.6.0">
-      <PrivateAssets>all</PrivateAssets>
+      <PrivateAssets>all</PrivateAssets>
-      <IncludeAssets>runtime; build; native; contentfiles; analyzers; buildtransitive</IncludeAssets>
+      <IncludeAssets>runtime; build; native; contentfiles; analyzers; buildtransitive</IncludeAssets>
     </PackageReference>
     <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.OpenApi" Version="10.0.1" />
     <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore" Version="10.0.1" />
-    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools" Version="10.0.1">
+    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools" Version="10.0.1">
-      <PrivateAssets>all</PrivateAssets>
+      <PrivateAssets>all</PrivateAssets>
-      <IncludeAssets>runtime; build; native; contentfiles; analyzers; buildtransitive</IncludeAssets>
+      <IncludeAssets>runtime; build; native; contentfiles; analyzers; buildtransitive</IncludeAssets>
     </PackageReference>
     <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Azure.Containers.Tools.Targets" Version="1.23.0" />
     <PackageReference Include="Npgsql" Version="10.0.0" />
@@ -43,11 +43,10 @@
     <PackageReference Include="Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.SwaggerUI" Version="10.0.1" />
   </ItemGroup>
 
-  <ItemGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
-    <Folder Include="Controllers\" />
+    <Folder Include="Controllers\" />
-    <Folder Include="Migrations\" />
+    <Folder Include="Mapping\" />
-    <Folder Include="Mapping\" />
+    <Folder Include="DTOs\" />
-    <Folder Include="DTOs\" />
   </ItemGroup>
 
 </Project>

Tools/Cli.cs

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
 using Shadow.Data;
 using Shadow.Entities;
 
@@ -8,7 +9,8 @@ public class Cli
 	private readonly GeneralUseHelpers guhf;
 	private readonly string[] args;
 
-	// TODO: Add "changeUser", "fullRescan", "destructiveRescan"
+	// TODO: Add "changeUser", "fullRescan", "destructiveRescan", "healthcheck"
+	// TODO: Make this async
 
 	public Cli(ApplicationDbContext _db, GeneralUseHelpers _guhf, string[] _args)
 	{
@@ -65,6 +67,15 @@ public class Cli
 				if (!Seeder.EnsureMigrations(db)) return true;
 				SetupWizard();
 				break;
+			case "clear":
+			case "cleanup":
+			case "cleardb":
+			case "cleanupdb":
+			case "--clear":
+			case "--cleanup":
+				if (!Seeder.EnsureMigrations(db)) return true;
+				CleanUpDb();
+				break;
 			default:
 				Console.WriteLine($"Unknown option: \"{args[0]}\". See \"help\" for available arguments.");
 				break;
@@ -88,9 +99,10 @@ public class Cli
 			$"- removeUser [username] - remove the user COMPLETELY.\n" +
 			$"\n" +
 			$"=== Server maintenance ===\n" +
-			$"- setupWizard - configure library and thumbnail location on disk.\n" +
+			$"- setupWizard - configure library and thumbnail location on disk,\n" +
+			$"- cleanup - cleanup database from orphaned songs/albums/artists.\n" +
 			$"\n" +
-			$"Username is optional. If not provided, user will be prompted to enter it.\n" +
+			$"[field] means the field is optional. If not provided, user will be prompted to enter it.\n" +
 			$"Running without specifying a command launches a Kestrel web server.\n" +
 			$"\n" +
 			$"License: AGPLv3+, Source code: https://gitea.7o7.cx/sherl/Shadow"
@@ -281,6 +293,8 @@ public class Cli
 			"         - Shadow's image thumbnails path, used to provide cover art extracted from media.\n" +
 			"         Finally, you will be asked if you want your changes saved.\n");
 
+		// TODO: do a healthcheck here
+
 		Global? musicLibraryPath   = db.Globals.FirstOrDefault(g => g.Key == "musicLibraryPath");
 		Global? musicThumbnailPath = db.Globals.FirstOrDefault(g => g.Key == "musicThumbnailPath");
 
@@ -299,7 +313,7 @@ public class Cli
 			Console.WriteLine("         No existing configuration found.\n");
 		}
 
-			string newMusicLibraryPath = DefaultPrompt("Please enter your new music library path", musicLibraryPath?.Value).TrimEnd(['\\', '/']);
+		string newMusicLibraryPath   = DefaultPrompt("Please enter your new music library path", musicLibraryPath?.Value).TrimEnd(['\\', '/']);
 		string newMusicThumbnailPath = DefaultPrompt("Please enter your new image thumbnail path", musicThumbnailPath?.Value ?? Path.Combine(newMusicLibraryPath, ".shadow")).TrimEnd(['\\', '/']);
 
 		bool confirmed = YesNoPrompt("Are you sure you want:\n" +
@@ -322,6 +336,9 @@ public class Cli
 			musicLibraryPath.Value   = newMusicLibraryPath;
 			musicThumbnailPath.Value = newMusicThumbnailPath;
 
+			System.IO.Directory.CreateDirectory(newMusicLibraryPath);
+			System.IO.Directory.CreateDirectory(newMusicThumbnailPath);
+
 			// UpdateRange can both Add and Update rows.
 			db.Globals.UpdateRange(musicLibraryPath, musicThumbnailPath);
 			db.SaveChanges();
@@ -338,6 +355,93 @@ public class Cli
 		return success;
 	}
 
+	public void CleanUpDb()
+	{
+		// Ask user here whether he/she wants to
+		// clear the DB from dangling records (orphaned songs/albums/artists).
+		int rowsAffected = 0;
+
+		// Retrieve orphaned songs
+		List<Song> orphanedSongs = db.Songs.Where(s => s.State == 1).ToList();
+
+		// Ask if it's alright to remove them
+		// and related listening data permanently
+		if (orphanedSongs.Count != 0)
+		{
+			bool songConsent = false;
+			songConsent = YesNoPrompt($"Found {orphanedSongs.Count} orphaned songs. Remove them? [y/N]: ", false);
+			if (songConsent)
+			{
+				foreach (Song s in orphanedSongs)
+				{
+					// Remove song interactions
+					List<SongInteraction> interactions = db.SongInteractions.Where(si => si.Song == s).ToList();
+					db.SongInteractions.RemoveRange(interactions);
+
+					// Remove song from playlists
+					List<PlaylistSong> playlists = db.PlaylistSongs.Where(ps => ps.Song == s).ToList();
+					db.PlaylistSongs.RemoveRange(playlists);
+
+					// Remove song from albums
+					Album album = s.Album;
+					album.Songs.Remove(s);
+
+					if (album.Songs.Count == 0) album.State = 1; // Set album state to orphaned.
+
+					// TODO: Remove song images if not used by any other resource
+					// ...
+				}
+
+				// Perform cleanup with stored procedure
+				rowsAffected += db.Database.ExecuteSqlRaw("CALL song_cleanup()");
+				// rowsAffected += songs.Count;
+			}
+		}
+		else Console.WriteLine("No orphaned songs found.");
+
+		// Rinse and repeat
+		// Retrieve orphaned albums
+		List<Album> orphanedAlbums = db.Albums.Where(a => a.State == 1).ToList();
+
+		if (orphanedAlbums.Count != 0)
+		{
+			bool albumConsent = false;
+			albumConsent = YesNoPrompt($"Found {orphanedAlbums.Count} orphaned albums. Remove them? [y/N]: ", false);
+			if (albumConsent)
+			{
+				db.Albums.RemoveRange(orphanedAlbums);
+				rowsAffected += orphanedAlbums.Count;
+			}
+		}
+		else Console.WriteLine("No orphaned albums found.");
+
+		// Retrieve orphaned artists (artists with no songs AND albums)
+		List<Artist> orphanedArtists = db.Artists.Where(a => a.Songs.Count == 0 && a.Albums.Count == 0).ToList();
+		Artist? unknownArtist = db.Artists.FirstOrDefault(a => a.NormalizedName == "[unknown artist]");
+
+		// Account for the [Unknown Artist],
+		// which is a meta-artist and shall
+		// not be slated for removal.
+		// Can be null only if this command
+		// is ran before seeding.
+		if (unknownArtist != null) orphanedArtists.Remove(unknownArtist);
+
+		if (orphanedArtists.Count != 0)
+		{
+			bool artistConsent = false;
+			artistConsent = YesNoPrompt($"Found {orphanedArtists.Count} orphaned artists. Remove them? [y/N]: ", false);
+			if (artistConsent)
+			{
+				db.Artists.RemoveRange(orphanedArtists);
+				rowsAffected += orphanedArtists.Count;
+			}
+		}
+		else Console.WriteLine("No orphaned artists found.");
+
+		Console.WriteLine($"{rowsAffected} entries affected.");
+		db.SaveChanges();
+	}
+
 	public static string ReadPassword(string prompt = "         Enter password (will not be echoed back): ")
 	{
 		// https://www.silicloud.com/blog/how-to-hide-content-in-the-console-using-c/

Tools/GeneralUseHelperFunctions.cs

@@ -5,10 +5,10 @@ using System.Text;
 
 namespace Shadow.Tools;
 
-public class GeneralUseHelpers(ApplicationDbContext db, IConfiguration appsettings)
+public class GeneralUseHelpers(ApplicationDbContext? db = null, IConfiguration? appsettings = null)
 {
-	private readonly ApplicationDbContext _db = db;
+	private readonly ApplicationDbContext? _db = db;
-	private readonly IConfiguration _appsettings = appsettings;
+	private readonly IConfiguration? _appsettings = appsettings;
 
 
 	//async public Task<User?> GetUserFromEmail(string email)
@@ -27,4 +27,23 @@ public class GeneralUseHelpers(ApplicationDbContext db, IConfiguration appsettin
 	//	}
 	//}
 
+	/// <summary>
+	/// Quick and dirty Dictionary&lt;string, string&gt; to JSON serializer
+	/// </summary>
+	/// <param name="dict">Dictionary with keypair of two strings</param>
+	/// <returns>Minified JSON</returns>
+	public static string DictAsJson(Dictionary<string, string> dict)
+	{
+		string resultJson = String.Empty;
+
+		foreach (string key in dict.Keys)
+		{
+			string cleanKey   = key.Replace("\"", "\\\"");       // "a"b" -> "a\"b"
+			string cleanValue = dict[key].Replace("\"", "\\\"");
+			resultJson += $"\"{cleanKey}\": \"{cleanValue}\", "  // "key": "val",<space>
+				.Replace(@"\", @"\\");                           // a\b -> a\\b
+		}
+
+		return "{" + resultJson[..^2] + "}";
+	}
 }

Tools/LibraryWatcher.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+using Shadow.Data;
+using Shadow.Entities;
+using System;
+using System.IO;
+
+namespace Shadow.Tools;
+public class LibraryWatcher(string watchPath, string[] excludedPaths, ApplicationDbContext dbContext)
+{
+	private readonly string libraryPath = watchPath;
+	private readonly string[] excludedPaths = excludedPaths;
+	private readonly ApplicationDbContext db = dbContext;
+	private readonly GeneralUseHelpers guhf = new();
+
+	/// <summary>
+	/// Returns a sorted list of paths to all files in a directory, recursively.
+	/// </summary>
+	/// <param name="directory">Path to directory</param>
+	/// <returns>Sorted list of filepaths</returns>
+	public async Task<List<string>> GetFilesRecursivelyAsync(string directory)
+	{
+		string[] allowedExtensions = [".flac", ".m4a", ".mp3", ".ogg", ".wav"];
+		try
+		{
+			List<string> files =
+				Directory.GetFiles(directory, "*", SearchOption.AllDirectories)
+				.Where(file => allowedExtensions.Any(file.ToLower().EndsWith))
+				.ToList();
+
+			files.Sort();
+			return files;
+		}
+		catch (DirectoryNotFoundException)
+		{
+			Console.WriteLine($"[Error] Directory \"{directory}\" does not exist!\n" +
+				"        Please create it manually, or use `Shadow setupWizard`.");
+			throw new DirectoryNotFoundException();
+		}
+
+	}
+
+	/// <summary>
+	/// Return all multimedia content inside of library
+	/// </summary>
+	/// <returns>List of multimedia filepaths</returns>
+	public async Task<List<string>> GetAllMultimediaAsync()
+	{
+
+		// List files in cache
+		// Note: currently, the only excluded path from scanning is the thumbnail cache.
+		// This might change in the future.
+		List<string> cacheFiles = await GetFilesRecursivelyAsync(excludedPaths[0]);
+
+		// List files in library excluding cache
+		List<string> libraryContent = await GetFilesRecursivelyAsync(libraryPath);
+		List<string> libraryMultimedia = libraryContent.Except(cacheFiles).ToList();
+
+		return libraryMultimedia;
+	}
+
+	/// <summary>
+	/// Scan the library in its entirety
+	/// </summary>
+	/// <returns></returns>
+	public async Task<List<string>> PerformFullScanAsync()
+	{
+		Console.WriteLine("Performing full library scan...");
+
+		List<string> multimedia = await GetAllMultimediaAsync();
+		foreach (string filepath in multimedia)
+		{
+			Console.WriteLine(filepath);
+			Dictionary<string, string> fileInfo = await MetadataExtractor.ExtractAsync(filepath);
+
+			// Pretend we are doing parsing here...
+			Console.WriteLine(GeneralUseHelpers.DictAsJson(fileInfo));
+			MediaParser.CreateSong(db, fileInfo);
+		}
+
+		Console.WriteLine($"Full scan complete! Processed {multimedia.Count} files.");
+
+		// Update state inside of DB
+		string currentLibraryState = MetadataExtractor.GetStringMD5(string.Join("\n", multimedia));
+		Global lastLibraryState = db.Globals.FirstOrDefault(g => g.Key == "libraryState")
+			?? new() { Key = "libraryState"};
+		lastLibraryState.Value = currentLibraryState;
+		db.Update(lastLibraryState);
+		await db.SaveChangesAsync();
+
+		return multimedia;
+	}
+}

Tools/MediaParser.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+using Microsoft.VisualBasic.FileIO;
+using Shadow.Data;
+using Shadow.Entities;
+using System.Security.Cryptography;
+
+namespace Shadow.Tools;
+
+public static class MediaParser
+{
+	/// <summary>
+	/// Generate a random hex string (with length 32 by default)
+	/// </summary>
+	/// <param name="length">Optional: hexstring length</param>
+	/// <returns>A hexstring of given length</returns>
+	public static string HexStr(int length = 32)
+	{
+		return RandomNumberGenerator.GetHexString(length).ToLower();
+	}
+
+	/// <summary>
+	/// Get metadata content opportunistically
+	/// </summary>
+	/// <param name="metadata">Dictionary to search in</param>
+	/// <param name="searchStrings">Keywords to search for</param>
+	/// <returns>Retrieved value (string) on success, otherwise null</returns>
+	public static string? GetAny(Dictionary<string, string> metadata, List<string> searchStrings)
+	{
+		foreach (string searchString in searchStrings)
+		{
+			if (metadata.TryGetValue(searchString, out string? value) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(value))
+				return value;
+		}
+		return null;
+	}
+
+	/// <summary>
+	/// Map exiftool metadata to Song entity.
+	/// </summary>
+	/// <param name="db">Database context</param>
+	/// <param name="exif">ExifTool metadata</param>
+	/// <returns>New Song entity, or null if song already exists in db</returns>
+	public static Song? CreateSong(ApplicationDbContext db, Dictionary<string, string> exif)
+	{
+
+		// First of all, check if song already exists in db
+		string uri = GetAny(exif, ["_shadow:fileHash"])
+			?? throw new Exception("Fatal error: could not get file hash!");
+		if (db.Songs.FirstOrDefault(s => s.Uri == uri) != null) return null;
+
+		// If not, extract exif data
+		string title = GetAny(exif, [
+			"ItemList:Title",    // iTunes m4a
+			"ItemList:SortName", // iTunes m4a
+			"Vorbis:Title",      // Bandcamp ogg
+			"ID3v2_3:Title",     // Generic mp3/wav ID3 v2.3.0
+			])
+			?? Path.Combine(exif["System:Directory"], exif["System:FileName"]);
+		string filepath = Path.GetFullPath(
+			Path.Combine(exif["System:Directory"], exif["System:FileName"])
+			); // TODO: bulletproof this
+		string filetype = exif["File:FileType"].ToLower();
+
+		// Album/artist related
+		string artistName = GetAny(exif, [
+			"ItemList:Artist",        // iTunes m4a
+			"ItemList:AlbumArtist",   // iTunes m4a
+			"Vorbis:Artist",          // Bandcamp m4a
+			"Vorbis:Albumartist",     // Bandcamp m4a
+			"ID3v2_3:Artist",         // Generic mp3/wav ID3 v2.3.0
+			]) ?? "[Unknown Artist]"; // this is a weak line of defense against deliberately crafted 
+
+		string albumName = GetAny(exif, [
+			"ItemList:Album",        // iTunes m4a
+			"Vorbis:Album",          // Bandcamp m4a
+			"ID3v2_3:Album",         // Generic mp3/wav ID3 v2.3.0
+			]) ?? "[Unknown Album]"; // again, weak line of defense
+
+		// Try to find relevant artists and albums
+		Artist artist = db.Artists
+			.FirstOrDefault(a => a.NormalizedName == artistName.ToLower())
+			?? new Artist
+			{
+				Name = artistName,
+				NormalizedName = artistName.ToLower()
+			};
+
+		Album album = db.Albums
+			.FirstOrDefault(a => a.Name == albumName && a.Artist == artist)
+			?? new Album
+			{
+				Name = albumName,
+				Uri = HexStr(),
+				Artist = artist
+			};
+
+		Song song = new()
+		{
+			Title = title,
+			Uri = uri,
+			Filepath = filepath,
+			Filetype = filetype,
+			Album = album,
+			Artist = artist
+		};
+
+		try
+		{
+			// Is Update() safe here?
+			db.Artists.Update(artist);
+			db.Albums.Update(album);
+			db.Songs.Update(song);
+			artist.Albums.Add(album);
+			artist.Songs.Add(song);
+			db.SaveChanges();
+		}
+		catch (Exception e)
+		{
+			Console.WriteLine("[Error: MediaParser] Failed to extract metadata from {filepath}:\n" +
+				$"{e}");
+		}
+
+		return song;
+	}
+
+
+}

Tools/MetadataExtractor.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+using SharpExifTool;
+using System.Security.Cryptography;
+namespace Shadow.Tools;
+
+public static class MetadataExtractor
+{
+	private readonly static ExifTool exifTool = new();
+	private readonly static GeneralUseHelpers guhf = new();
+	public async static Task<Dictionary<string, string>> ExtractAsync(string fullPath)
+	{
+		// Get all relevant metadata
+		Dictionary<string, string> fileMetadata = new(await
+			exifTool.ExtractAllMetadataAsync(fullPath));
+
+		// Add in a MD5 hint
+		string md5sum = await GetFileMD5Async(fullPath);
+		fileMetadata?.Add("_shadow:fileHash", md5sum);
+
+		return fileMetadata ?? [];
+	}
+
+	/// <summary>
+	/// Compute MD5 checksum of a file
+	/// </summary>
+	/// <param name="fullPath">Input file absolute path</param>
+	/// <returns>MD5 hexstring</returns>
+	public static async Task<string> GetFileMD5Async(string fullPath)
+	{
+		string fallbackValue = String.Empty;
+		
+		try
+		{
+			if (File.Exists(fullPath))
+				using (MD5 md5 = MD5.Create())
+				{
+					using (FileStream stream = File.OpenRead(fullPath))
+					{
+						byte[] hashBytes = await md5.ComputeHashAsync(stream);
+						string hashString = Convert.ToHexStringLower(hashBytes);
+						return hashString;
+					}
+				}
+			else return fallbackValue;
+		}
+		catch
+		{
+			return fallbackValue;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/// <summary>
+	/// Compute MD5 checksum of a string
+	/// </summary>
+	/// <param name="input">Input string for the MD5 hash</param>
+	/// <returns>MD5 hexstring</returns>
+	public static string GetStringMD5(string input)
+	{
+		// https://stackoverflow.com/a/24031467
+		byte[] inputBytes = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(input);
+		byte[] hashBytes = MD5.HashData(inputBytes);
+		string hashString = Convert.ToHexStringLower(hashBytes);
+
+		return hashString;
+	}
+
+
+}

Tools/Seeder.cs

@@ -84,25 +84,34 @@ public class Seeder
 		if (adminCount == 0 && userCount > 0)
 			Console.WriteLine("[Warn]: No admin accounts exist. Consider creating one with `Shadow addUser`.\n");
 
-		// Ensure [Unknown Album], [Unknown Artist] exist
+		// Ensure [Unknown Artist], [Unknown Album] exist
-		Album unknownAlbum = db.Albums.FirstOrDefault(a => a.Name == "[Unknown Album]") ?? new Album()
-		{
-			Name = "[Unknown Album]",
-			Uri = "00000000000000000000000000000000"
-		};
-
 		Artist unknownArtist = db.Artists.FirstOrDefault(a => a.Name == "[Unknown Artist]") ?? new Artist()
 		{
 			Name = "[Unknown Artist]",
 			NormalizedName = "[unknown artist]"
 		};
 
+		// Update works both as an Add and Update.
+		db.Update(unknownArtist);
+		db.SaveChanges();
+
+		Album unknownAlbum = db.Albums.FirstOrDefault(a => a.Name == "[Unknown Album]") ?? new Album()
+		{
+			Name = "[Unknown Album]",
+			Uri = "00000000000000000000000000000000",
+			Artist = unknownArtist
+		};
+		db.Update(unknownAlbum);
+
+		// Add [Unknown Album] to [Unknown Artist]
+		unknownArtist.Albums.Add(unknownAlbum);
+		db.Update(unknownArtist);
+
 		runs ??= new Global() { Key = "runs", Value = "0" };
 		if (int.TryParse(runs.Value, out int runsInt))
 			runs.Value = $"{runsInt + 1}";
 
-		// UpdateRange works both as an Add and Update.
+		db.Update(runs);		
-		db.UpdateRange(unknownAlbum, unknownArtist, runs);
 		db.SaveChanges();
 
 		return shutdown;
@@ -118,10 +127,9 @@ public class Seeder
 		List<string> appliedMigrations   = dbContext.Database.GetAppliedMigrations().ToList();
 
 		bool hasMissingMigrations = availableMigrations.Count > appliedMigrations.Count;
-		bool doMigrationsMatch = availableMigrations.SequenceEqual(appliedMigrations);
 		if (hasMissingMigrations)
 		{
-			bool userMigrationConsent = false;
+			bool userMigrationConsent = true; // apply migrations by default
 			Console.WriteLine("\n" +
 				"========================================\n" +
 				"[Warn] Database migrations missing!\n" +
@@ -129,19 +137,30 @@ public class Seeder
 			if (appliedMigrations.Count == 0)
 			{
 				Console.WriteLine( "Empty database detected. Applying migrations is recommended, and required if this is the first run of Shadow.");
-				userMigrationConsent = Cli.YesNoPrompt("Do you want to apply migrations automatically? [Y/n]: ", true);
+				// userMigrationConsent = Cli.YesNoPrompt("Do you want to apply migrations automatically? [Y/n]: ", true);
 			}
 			else
 			{
-				Console.WriteLine($"Detected existing {appliedMigrations.Count} migrations. Backing up the database before applying migrations is recommended.");
+				Console.WriteLine($"Detected existing {appliedMigrations.Count} migrations. Backing up the database before applying migrations is recommended.\n" +
-				userMigrationConsent = Cli.YesNoPrompt("Do you want to apply migrations automatically? [y/N]: ", false);
+					"Waiting 15 seconds.");
+				Thread.Sleep(15_000);
+				// userMigrationConsent = Cli.YesNoPrompt("Do you want to apply migrations automatically? [y/N]: ", false);
 			}
 
 			// Do we have user permission to perform migration?
 			if (userMigrationConsent)
 			{
-				dbContext.Database.Migrate();
+				try
-				dbContext.SaveChanges();
+				{
+					dbContext.Database.Migrate();
+					dbContext.SaveChanges();
+				}
+				catch (Exception e)
+				{
+					Console.WriteLine("Error! Unable to process migration automatically.\n" +
+						$"Error message was: {e.Message}\n\n" +
+						$"Consider ");
+				}
 			}
 			else
 			{
@@ -177,4 +196,41 @@ public class Seeder
 		return migrationSuccess;
 	}
 
+	/// <summary>
+	/// Check if the library needs a full rescan
+	/// </summary>
+	/// <returns>True if full rescan is needed</returns>
+	/// <exception cref="MissingFieldException">Thrown when either last library state, path to music library or cache is unknown</exception>
+	public async Task<bool> ScanPrefetchAsync()
+	{
+		bool scanNecessary = false;
+		Global? lastLibraryState = await db.Globals.FirstOrDefaultAsync(g => g.Key ==       "libraryState");
+		Global?      libraryPath = await db.Globals.FirstOrDefaultAsync(g => g.Key ==   "musicLibraryPath");
+		Global?        cachePath = await db.Globals.FirstOrDefaultAsync(g => g.Key == "musicThumbnailPath");
+
+		if (libraryPath is null || cachePath is null || lastLibraryState is null)
+		{
+			throw new MissingFieldException("[Error] Missing libraryState, musicLibraryPath, musicThumbnailPath. Please rerun the setup wizard with `Shadow setupWizard`.");
+		}
+		LibraryWatcher lw = new(libraryPath.Value!, [cachePath.Value!], db);
+
+		// Get library contents
+		List<string> currentLibraryStateList = await lw.GetAllMultimediaAsync();
+		// Compute their hash
+		string currentLibraryStateString = string.Join("\n", currentLibraryStateList);
+		string currentLibraryState = MetadataExtractor.GetStringMD5(currentLibraryStateString);
+
+		// Compare against last known library state
+		if (currentLibraryState != lastLibraryState.Value)
+			scanNecessary = true;
+
+		// The contents changed? Initiate a full rescan, then call LibraryWatcher.
+		if (scanNecessary)
+			await lw.PerformFullScanAsync();
+		// State seems identical? Launch just the LibraryWatcher.
+		// TODO: lw.Watch()...
+
+		return scanNecessary;
+
+	}
 }